Capital News
Service – Michigan State University School of Journalism,
October 03, 2008
For decades, Deputy Superintendent Ken Siver has faced the
same budgetary challenges common to school districts across
Michigan.
So with state aid on the decline and dwindling enrollment, his
Southfield district has carried out one of the most
comprehensive privatization schemes in the state.
One month into this school year, private contractors are
providing the district's food, busing and custodial services for
the first time.
"This is new territory for us," Siver said. "We came to this
very reluctantly."
The district expects to save more than $18 million in three
years.
Such estimates are prompting other cash-strapped school boards
to consider privatizing services.
But the trend is meeting resistance from unions that argue it
cuts jobs and wages of loyal employees.
"Absolutely, it's a dangerous trend," said Rosemary Carey,
communications consultant for the Michigan Education Association
(MEA), the state's largest union of teachers and other public
school personnel. "We're seeing more and more districts jump at
that first."
Carey asserts that privatization upsets communities by laying
off local workers and bringing in cheaper laborers who have less
of a stake in the community.
"The human factor is huge," she said.
The MEA has successfully fended off privatization efforts in
Okemos, Pontiac, Fruitport, Lowell and Waverly school districts,
she said.
When school boards begin toying with the idea of privatization,
Carey said the MEA sends directors and consultants to the
district to bargain and negotiate. "We step in with all the
resources we can possibly provide to fight the battle."
Still, the number of districts turning to privatization has
increased every year for the last five years, according to the
Mackinac Center for Public Policy, a free market-oriented think
tank in Midland. Its recent survey of 552 districts found that
the number of districts privatizing services has increased more
than 10 percent since 2001.
Districts are most likely to contract out for food services, the
study finds.
The Mackinac Center said other districts that have privatized
some services in the past year include Burr Oak Community
Schools in St. Joseph County; Clinton Township-Clintondale
Community Schools in Macomb County; Imlay City Community Schools
in Lapeer County; and Monroe-Jefferson Schools in Monroe County.
Michael LaFaive, the fiscal policy director at the Mackinac
Center, said privatizing makes sense because it frees up money
for schools to spend on improving education.
"They've got to do it to save money," he said.
LaFaive rejected critics' argument that private contractors
don't provide the same quality of services as unionized
employees.
And he said school boards have more latitude to negotiate with
private companies than with unions.
"I can't tell you how many superintendents we've talked to who
said they improved services," he said. "Now they've got a person
from a private company saying, 'What can I do for you today?'"
Carey couldn't disagree more.
"It's not the economic silver bullet they expect it to be," she
said. "What happens is a privateer will low-bid a contract, be
awarded it and add costs after that."
But with battle lines clearly drawn between labor and free
enterprise groups, Siver endorsed neither school of thought and
spoke somberly of the privatization process.
"Are we glad? No, we're not glad," Siver said. "But we couldn't
squeeze any more out of the budget without cutting programs."
Before resorting to privatization, Siver said the Southfield
district closed two schools, cut programs in child care and
adult education and purchased energy through a consortium.
Then it came down to privatizing services or cutting into K-12
programs.
"The school board didn't leave a single stone unturned," he
said. "That's all we've done here is cut, cut, cut."
The district hired Durham School Services for busing, GCA
Services Group Inc. for custodial work and Chartwells School
Dining for the cafeterias.
Siver said half of his existing transportation staff was hired
and given a $1-an-hour wage increase, while custodial wages
decreased.
Meanwhile, some lawmakers want to place requirements on
districts looking to privatize. Rep. Rick Jones, R-Grand Ledge,
who authored part of the package, said it would strengthen
existing employees' ability to bid for their own jobs and
require school boards to publicly explain the non-economic
downsides to privatization.
Rep. Jeff Mayes, D-Bay City, is the other main sponsor.
Jones said, that as a former sheriff, he thinks a school is
safer when it employs its own workers.
He said the package has bipartisan appeal, winning favor with
Democrats because the bill helps buttress union bargaining.
Co-sponsors include Reps. Edward Gaffney, R-Grosse Pointe Farms;
Richard Ball, R-Laingsburg; Marty Knollenberg, R-Troy; and John
Garfield, R-Rochester Hills.
Jones hopes the legislation passes after the Nov. 4 election.
The Mackinac Center opposes the legislation, claming it would
"raise the hassle factor for district leadership" when deciding
on privatization.
As for Siver, when asked if he would turn back the clock and
privatize all over again--he paused.
"There was no celebration about this," he said. "If the
alternative was to cut K-12 programs, we would do this again."
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