To ensure that only patients who can utilize and benefit from these devices receive them, Medicare intends to cover the use of NMES for walking for those persons with intact lower motor units (L1 and below), with at least 6-month post recovery spinal cord injury and restorative surgery, without hip and knee degenerative disease and no history of long bone fracture secondary to osteoporosis, who have demonstrated a willingness to use device long-term, who have completed regular sessions of physical therapy with the device over a period of three months, who can bear weight on their lower and upper extremities, maintain an upright posture independently, transfer independently, stand for at least 3 minutes, possess high motivation and commitment and cognitive ability to use such device for walking, demonstrate hand and finger function to manipulate the controls, and demonstrate brisk muscle contraction in response to NMES and have sensory perception of electrical stimulation sufficient for muscle contraction.  Also, the goal of therapy must be to train SCI patients on the uses of NMES/FES to achieve walking, not to reverse or retard muscle atrophy.